U1 ARGUEMENTS
这一章介绍了ARGUEMENTS的概念，这个概念将会贯穿整个课程。
argument由premise和conclusion组成，从premise推导出conclusion的过程叫inference。
记住一些inference indicators: because, consequently, therefore, since, that's why, so, obviously, as, due to the fact that, it follows that, the proof is.
argument的standard form:
- premise 1
- premise 2
——————————
- conclusion
判断argument用good/bad, 判断premise&conclusion用true/false.
真题汇总
U2 CATEGORY LOGIC
#Universal Generalization Conversions
考试前把下面这个表一字不漏地背下来
它们对应的关系图如下：（配合图形有助于理解和记忆哦）
另一种常见关系：No A are B. = No B are A.
它对应的关系图如下
下面是Syllogisms三段论，考点不难，但这是往后几章的基础。
同样地，配合图形有助于理解和记忆，自己多拿起笔来画画~
真题汇总
U3 Statement Logic
#Negation: ¬A
#Conjuctiong: A-AND-B
#Disjunction: A-OR-B
真题汇总
U4 Probability
Chance of at least one A
Step 1: Write P(AL1-A) for 1 case: 1 – P(¬A)¹ = 1 – (1 – P(A))¹ = P(A)
Step 2: Adjust solution for N cases: 1 – (1 – P(A))ᴺ
Expected value (of action with Possible Outcomes A and B)
(A-Value x P(A)) + (B-Value x P(B))